Last data update: Jan 27, 2025. (Total: 48650 publications since 2009)
Records 1-9 (of 9 Records) |
Query Trace: Callinan LS[original query] |
---|
Recurrent Kawasaki disease, United States and Japan
Maddox RA , Holman RC , Uehara R , Callinan LS , Guest JL , Schonberger LB , Nakamura Y , Yashiro M , Belay ED . Pediatr Int 2015 57 (6) 1116-20 BACKGROUND: Descriptive epidemiologic studies of recurrent and non-recurrent Kawasaki disease (KD) may identify other potentially important differences between these illnesses. METHODS: Data from the United States and Japan, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) national KD surveillance(1984-2008) and the 17th Japanese nationwide survey (2001-2002), respectively, were analyzed to examine recurrent KD patients <18 years of age meeting the CDC KD case or atypical KD case definition. These patients were compared to non-recurrent KD patients. RESULTS: Of the 5557 US KD patients <18 years of age during 1984-2008, 97 (1.7%) were identified as having had recurrent KD. Among the US Asian/Pacific IslanderKDpatients, 3.5% had recurrent KD, which was similar to the percentage identified among KD patients (3.5%) in the Japanese survey. Compared to non-recurrent KDpatients, KD patients experiencing a recurrent KDepisode were more likely to be older, fulfill the atypical KD case definition, and have coronary artery abnormalities (CAA) despite IVIG treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Differences in the age, race, and frequency of CAA exist between recurrent and non-recurrent KD patients. The increased association of CAA with recurrent KD suggests that more aggressive treatment strategies in conjunction with IVIG may be indicated for the second episode of KD. |
Leptospirosis-associated hospitalizations, United States, 1998-2009
Traxler RM , Callinan LS , Holman RC , Steiner C , Guerra MA . Emerg Infect Dis 2014 20 (8) 1273-9 A small percentage of persons with leptospirosis, a reemerging zoonosis, experience severe complications that require hospitalization. The number of leptospirosis cases in the United States is unknown. Thus, to estimate the hospitalization rate for this disease, we analyzed US hospital discharge records for 1998-2009 for the total US population by using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample. During that time, the average annual rate of leptospirosis-associated hospitalizations was 0.6 hospitalizations/1,000,000 population. Leptospirosis-associated hospitalization rates were higher for persons >20 years of age and for male patients. For leptospirosis-associated hospitalizations, the average age of patients at admission was lower, the average length of stay for patients was longer, and hospital charges were higher than those for nonleptospirosis infectious disease-associated hospitalizations. Educating clinicians on the signs and symptoms of leptospirosis may result in earlier diagnosis and treatment and, thereby, reduced disease severity and hospitalization costs. |
Kawasaki disease hospitalization rate among children younger than 5 years of age in California, 2003-2010
Callinan LS , Holman RC , Vugia DJ , Schonberger LB , Belay ED . Pediatr Infect Dis J 2014 33 (7) 781-3 In California, the 2010 annual Kawasaki Disease (KD) hospitalization rate for children <5 years of age was higher than the rate in 2003. An increasing trend during 2003-2010 appears to be driven by an increase from 2003-2006, whereas the KD hospitalization rate remained stable through 2010. |
Dog bite injuries among American Indian and Alaska Native children
Bjork A , Holman RC , Callinan LS , Hennessy TW , Cheek JE , McQuiston JH . J Pediatr 2013 162 (6) 1270-5 OBJECTIVE: To examine dog bites among American Indian (AI) and Alaska Native (AN) children visiting Indian Health Service and tribal health facilities. STUDY DESIGN: We retrospectively analyzed hospitalizations and outpatient visits with a diagnosis of dog bite between 2001 and 2008 in AI/AN children aged <20 years. Rates of dog bite hospitalizations and outpatient visits were estimated by age group, sex, region, and number and location of open wounds using Indian Health Service data. Analyses of hospitalizations for the general US population aged <20 years used the Nationwide Inpatient Sample. RESULTS: The average annual dog bite hospitalization rate was higher among AI/AN children in Alaska (6.1/100,000 population) and the Southwest region (5.3/100,000) compared with the general US child population (3.1/100,000; 95% CI, 2.9-3.3/100,000). The average annual outpatient visit rate in AI/AN children was highest in the Alaska (596.4/100,000), Southwest (540.0/100,000), and Northern Plains West (537.6/100,000) regions. The hospitalization rate was highest in both AI/AN and US males aged <5 years, and outpatient visit rates were highest in AI/AN males aged 5-9 years. Open wounds diagnoses were most commonly seen on the head, neck, and face in hospitalized children (45.5% of open wounds in AI/AN children, 59.3% in US children; SE, 1.0%) and on the leg in AI/AN outpatients (35.6%). CONCLUSION: Dog bites represent a significant public health threat in AI/AN children in the Alaska, the Southwest, and Northern Plains West regions of the US. Enhanced animal control and education efforts should reduce dog bite injuries and associated problems with pets and stray dogs, such as emerging infectious diseases. |
Unexplained death due to possible infectious diseases in infants-United States, 2006
Taylor CA , Holman RC , Callinan LS , Zaki SR , Blau DM . J Pediatr 2012 162 (1) 195-201 e3 OBJECTIVES: To quantify and examine factors related to unexplained death due to possible infectious causes (UDPIC) in infants and to analyze the associations between these factors in unexplained deaths and infants with fatal and nonfatal outcomes. STUDY DESIGN: Infant deaths meeting the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision code inclusion and exclusion criteria for UDPIC were selected from the 2006 US Linked Birth and Infant Death data set. Two control groups of surviving and nonsurviving infants were selected and compared with the infants with UDPIC using a case-control study design with multivariate logistic regression models stratified by birth weight category. Comparisons with infants with identified infectious causes of death were also made. RESULTS: During 2006, 3570 infant deaths (12.5% of all US infant deaths) were categorized as a UDPIC. The highest rates for these unexplained infants deaths were found in blacks and American Indians/Alaska Natives. Infants of black mothers were more likely to experience UDPIC. Birth weight was a significant effect modifier in these models. CONCLUSIONS: Many factors may contribute to an infant's death being classified as a UDPIC, including race and marital status. Other factors, such as Hispanic ethnicity and maternal age, also may play a role. Infant characteristics, such as birth weight, may be related to factors that influence the decision not to conduct a postmortem examination in infant death cases. Additional research is needed to determine the true extent of infectious disease and its relationship to UDPIC in infants. |
Community survey after rabies outbreaks, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA
McCollum AM , Blanton JD , Holman RC , Callinan LS , Baty S , Phillips R , Callahan M , Levy C , Komatsu K , Sunenshine R , Bergman DL , Rupprecht CE . Emerg Infect Dis 2012 18 (6) 932-8 Flagstaff, Arizona, USA, experienced notable outbreaks of rabies caused by a bat rabies virus variant in carnivore species in 2001, 2004, 2005, 2008, and 2009. The most recent epizootic involved transmission among skunk and fox populations and human exposures. Multiple, wide-ranging control efforts and health communications outreach were instituted in 2009, including a household survey given to community members. Although the Flagstaff community is knowledgeable about rabies and the ongoing outbreaks in general, gaps in knowledge about routes of exposure and potential hosts remain. Future educational efforts should include messages on the dangers of animal translocation and a focus on veterinarians and physicians as valuable sources for outreach. These results will be useful to communities experiencing rabies outbreaks as well as those at current risk. |
Kawasaki syndrome and factors associated with coronary artery abnormalities, California
Callinan LS , Tabnak F , Holman RC , Maddox RA , Kim JJ , Schonberger LB , Vugia DJ , Belay ED . Pediatr Infect Dis J 2012 31 (9) 894-8 BACKGROUND: Kawasaki syndrome (KS) occurs in children less than 18 years of age and is the leading cause of acquired heart disease among children in the United States. Understanding the epidemiology of KS and factors associated with coronary artery abnormalities (CAA) may lead to timely diagnosis and treatment of KS and could limit CAA. METHODS: Epidemiologic characteristics, including risk factors for the development of CAA, among KS and incomplete KS patients less than 18 years of age with onset during 2000-2009 reported by the California Department of Public Health to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's national KS surveillance system were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 2056 KS and incomplete KS patients less than 18 years of age were reported for 2000-2009. The median age of patients was 2 years; 60% of patients were male. Of 1818 patients with race information reported, 56% were white and 28% were Asian/Pacific Islander. Ninety-eight percent of patients received intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). Of 1843 patients with information on cardiac complications, 89 (5%) had coronary artery aneurysms and 341 (19%) had CAA. Characteristics associated with the occurrence of CAA in KS patients were male sex, Asian/Pacific Islander race, age less than 1 year or 9-17 years, and receiving IVIG treatment on or after the fifth day of illness. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that IVIG treatment before the fifth day of illness may reduce CAA among KS patients. Timely diagnosis and treatment of KS continue to be important in reducing the occurrence of cardiac complications. |
Fatal Rocky Mountain spotted fever in the United States, 1999-2007
Dahlgren FS , Holman RC , Paddock CD , Callinan LS , McQuiston JH . Am J Trop Med Hyg 2012 86 (4) 713-9 Death from Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is preventable with prompt, appropriate treatment. Data from two independent sources were analyzed to estimate the burden of fatal RMSF and identify risk factors for fatal RMSF in the United States during 1999-2007. Despite increased reporting of RMSF cases to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, no significant changes in the estimated number of annual fatal RMSF cases were found. American Indians were at higher risk of fatal RMSF relative to whites (relative risk [RR] = 3.9), and children 5-9 years of age (RR = 6.0) and adults ≥ 70 years of age (RR = 3.0) were also at increased risk relative to other ages. Persons with cases of RMSF with an immunosuppressive condition were at increased risk of death (RR = 4.4). Delaying treatment of RMSF was also associated with increased deaths. These results may indicate a gap between recommendations and practice. |
Determinants for autopsy after unexplained deaths possibly resulting from infectious causes, United States
Liu L , Callinan LS , Holman RC , Blau DM . Emerg Infect Dis 2012 18 (4) 549-555 We analyzed US multiple cause-of-death data for 2003-2006 for demographic and clinical determinants for autopsy in unexplained deaths possibly resulting from infectious causes. For 96,242 deaths, the definition for unexplained death was met and autopsy status was recorded. Most decedents were male, 40-49 years of age, and white. To identify factors associated with unexplained death, we used data from Arizona records. Multivariate analysis of Arizona records suggested that decedents of races other than white and black and decedents who had clinicopathologic syndromes in the cardiovascular, sepsis/shock, and multisyndrome categories recorded on the death certificate were least likely to have undergone autopsy; children with unexplained death were the most likely to have undergone autopsy. Improved understanding of unexplained deaths can provide opportunities for further studies, strengthen collaboration between investigators of unexplained deaths, and improve knowledge and awareness of infectious diseases of public health concern. |
- Page last reviewed:Feb 1, 2024
- Page last updated:Jan 27, 2025
- Content source:
- Powered by CDC PHGKB Infrastructure