Last data update: Sep 16, 2024. (Total: 47680 publications since 2009)
Records 1-6 (of 6 Records) |
Query Trace: Buchner DM [original query] |
---|
Actions to Improve Physical Activity Surveillance in the United States
Pate RR , Berrigan D , Buchner DM , Carlson SA , Dunton G , Fulton JE , Sanchez E , Troiano RP , Whitehead J , Whitsel LP . NAM Perspect 2018 2018 Physical activity, which has been defined as “any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that results in energy expenditure” [1], provides important health benefits across the lifespan. However, a large percentage of Americans fail to meet current physical activity guidelines, and this deficiency accounts for a sizeable population health burden. | | A core function of public health, “surveillance” refers to “ongoing, systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of outcome-specific data for use in the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice” [2,3]. There are many different forms of physical activity, and physical activity is performed at varying intensities, in numerous settings, and for multiple reasons. Physical activity behavior is known to be influenced by personal, social, physical, environmental, institutional, community, and societal factors. Because physical activity is a complex behavior, physical activity surveillance is a complex, multicomponent process. |
The 24-hour activity cycle: A new paradigm for physical activity
Rosenberger ME , Fulton JE , Buman MP , Troiano RP , Grandner MA , Buchner DM , Haskell WL . Med Sci Sports Exerc 2018 51 (3) 454-464 The physiologic mechanisms by which the four activities of sleep, sedentary behavior, light-intensity physical activity (LIPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) affect health are related, but these relationships have not been well explored in adults. Research studies have commonly evaluated how time spent in one activity affects health. Because one can only increase time in one activity by decreasing time in another, such studies cannot determine the extent that a health benefit is due to one activity versus due to reallocating time among the other activities. For example, interventions to improve sleep possibly also increase time spent in MVPA. If so, the overall effect of such interventions on risk of premature mortality is due to both more MVPA and better sleep. Further, the potential for interaction between activities to affect health outcomes is largely unexplored. For example, is there a threshold of MVPA minutes per day, above which adverse health effects of sedentary behavior are eliminated? This paper considers the 24-Hour Activity Cycle (24-HAC) model as a paradigm for exploring inter-relatedness of health effects of the four activities. It discusses how to measure time spent in each of the four activities, as well as the analytical and statistical challenges in analyzing data based upon the model, including the inevitable challenge of confounding among activities. The potential usefulness of this model is described by reviewing selected research findings that aided in the creation of the model and discussing future applications of the 24-HAC model. |
CDC's Active People, Healthy Nation(SM): Creating an Active America, Together
Fulton JE , Buchner DM , Carlson SA , Borbely D , Rose KM , O'Connor AE , Gunn JP , Petersen R . J Phys Act Health 2018 15 (7) 469-473 Physical activity can reduce the risk of at least 20 chronic diseases and conditions and provide effective treatment for many of these conditions. Yet, physical activity levels of Americans remain low, with only small improvements over 20 years. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) considered what would accelerate progress and, as a result, developed Active People, Healthy Nation(SM), an aspirational initiative to improve physical activity in 2.5 million high school youth and 25 million adults, doubling the 10-year improvement targets of Healthy People 2020. Active People, Healthy Nation(SM) will implement evidence-based guidance to improve physical activity through 5 action steps centered on core public health functions: (1) program delivery, (2) partnership mobilization, (3) effective communication, (4) cross-sectoral training, and (5) continuous monitoring and evaluation. To achieve wide-scale impact, Active People, Healthy Nation(SM) will need broad engagement from a variety of sectors working together to coordinate activities and initiatives. |
Muscle-strengthening activities and participation among adults in the United States
Loustalot F , Carlson SA , Kruger J , Buchner DM , Fulton JE . Res Q Exerc Sport 2013 84 (1) 30-8 PURPOSE: To describe those who reported meeting the 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans (2008 Guidelines) muscle-strengthening standard of 2 or more days per week, including all seven muscle groups, and to assess the type and location of muscle-strengthening activities performed. METHOD: Data from HealthStyles 2009, a cross-sectional, consumer mail-panel survey, was used for analyses (n = 4,271). The prevalence estimates with 95% confidence intervals of those meeting the 2008 Guidelines standards were calculated. Pairwise t-tests were performed to examine differences between estimates, tests for linear trends were performed among age, education, and body mass index (BMI) groups, and differences and trends were considered statistically significant at p < .05. RESULTS: Overall, 6.0% of participants reported meeting 2008 Guidelines, and there were no significant differences between sex and racial/ethnic groups. A significant linear increase was noted among education groups, with respondents who reported lower levels of educational attainment having lower levels of participation compared with respondents who reported higher levels of educational attainment. A significant linear decrease was noted among each BMI group, with those classified as underweight/normal reporting higher levels of participation, compared with those classified as obese. Free weights and calisthenics were the most common types of activities; the home was the most common location. CONCLUSIONS: Few adults reported meeting current muscle-strengthening standards. Future public health efforts to increase participation should use the most frequently reported type and location of muscle-strengthening activities outlined in this study to guide interventions and communication campaigns. |
Racial/Ethnic differences in perceived access, environmental barriers to use, and use of community parks
Carlson SA , Brooks JD , Brown DR , Buchner DM . Prev Chronic Dis 2010 7 (3) A49 INTRODUCTION: Community parks provide places for people to be physically active. Our objective was to determine how access to, barriers to use of, and use of community parks differ by race/ethnicity. METHODS: Analyses are based on a cross-sectional national sample of adults (N = 5,157) participating in the 2006 HealthStyles mail survey. Community parks were defined as outdoor public areas within 10 miles or a 20-minute drive from where a person lives that include walking/bike paths, nature preserves, playgrounds, beaches, lakes, rivers, or similar places. RESULTS: Overall, 12% of respondents reported not having a community park. Among those with a community park, 14% reported personal safety concerns and 14% reported inadequate or poorly maintained facilities as barriers to park use. Race/ethnicity was not associated with park access; however, Hispanics and non-Hispanic blacks were more likely than non-Hispanic whites to report barriers. Among those with access to a community park, 83% reported any park use in the previous year and, of these, 67% reported an active visit. Odds of any park use did not differ significantly by race/ethnicity. Odds of an active visit were significantly lower in non-Hispanic blacks than whites (odds ratio, 0.67) but did not significantly differ between Hispanics and non-Hispanic whites. CONCLUSION: Parks are valuable community resources to all racial/ethnic groups. To promote and increase community park use, it is important to be aware that parks are used differently by different racial/ethnic groups and that barriers may differentially influence park use. |
The prescribed amount of physical activity in randomized clinical trials in older adults
Kruger J , Buchner DM , Prohaska TR . Gerontologist 2009 49 S100-7 PURPOSE: Over the past two decades, a consensus has formed that increasing physical activity and reducing sedentary behavior in older adults are important for physical and cognitive health. Although there is strong evidence that regular physical activity can prevent or delay the onset of many chronic diseases, a major concern is ensuring that older adults take part in adequate levels of physical activity. DESIGN AND METHODS: This article describes the amount of physical activity prescribed between 1980 and 2005 to sedentary older adults enrolled in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using MEDLINE, Health and Psychological Instruments, EBM Reviews, CINAHL, ERIC, PsychInfo, and Social Science Abstracts with the key words "exercise," "physical activity," and "older adult." More than 13,502 research abstracts were reviewed, and 160 RCTs 12 weeks or more in duration with documented outcomes of physical activity were synthesized. RESULTS: The average prescribed dose of aerobic activity provided by interventions for older adults was less than the recommended amount of 150 min or more per week of moderate-intensity physical activity. In interpreting the results of RCTs, there is an insufficient body of evidence on the relationship between physical activity and cognitive health. However, studies indicated that moderate-intensity physical activity had a positive effect on cognitive health. IMPLICATIONS: Given the broad consensus of a dose-response relationship between aerobic activity and a variety of health outcomes, the RCT literature appears to have underestimated the benefit of physical activity for previously sedentary older adults because the prescribed dosages are not consistent with those recommended. |
- Page last reviewed:Feb 1, 2024
- Page last updated:Sep 16, 2024
- Content source:
- Powered by CDC PHGKB Infrastructure