Last data update: Jun 24, 2024. (Total: 47078 publications since 2009)
Records 1-5 (of 5 Records) |
Query Trace: Brown TM [original query] |
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Million Hearts Cardiac Rehabilitation Think Tank: Accelerating New Care Models.
Beatty AL , Brown TM , Corbett M , Diersing D , Keteyian SJ , Mola A , Stolp H , Wall HK , Sperling LS . Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2021 14 (10) e008215 This article describes the October 2020 proceedings of the Million Hearts Cardiac Rehabilitation Think Tank: Accelerating New Care Models, convened with representatives from professional organizations, cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs, academic institutions, federal agencies, payers, and patient representative groups. As CR delivery evolves, terminology is evolving to reflect not where activities occur (eg, center, home) but how CR is delivered: in-person synchronous, synchronous with real-time audiovisual communication (virtual), or asynchronous (remote). Patients and CR staff may interact through ≥1 delivery modes. Though new models may change how CR is delivered and who can access CR, new models should not change what is delivered-a multidisciplinary program addressing CR core components. During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) public health emergency, Medicare issued waivers to allow virtual CR; it is unclear whether these waivers will become permanent policy post-public health emergency. Given CR underuse and disparities in delivery, new models must equitably address patient and health system contributors to disparities. Strategies for implementing new CR care models address safety, exercise prescription, monitoring, and education. The available evidence supports the efficacy and safety of new CR care models. Still, additional research should study diverse populations, impact on patient-centered outcomes, effect on long-term outcomes and health care utilization, and implementation in diverse settings. CR is evolving to include in-person synchronous, virtual, and remote modes of delivery; there is significant enthusiasm for implementing new care models and learning how new care models can broaden access to CR, improve patient outcomes, and address health inequities. |
Effect of topical vaginal products on the detection of prostate-specific antigen, a biomarker of semen exposure, using ABAcards
Snead MC , Kourtis AP , Black CM , Mauck CK , Brown TM , Penman-Aguilar A , Melendez JH , Gallo MF , Jamieson DJ , Macaluso M . Contraception 2012 88 (3) 382-6 BACKGROUND: Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a biomarker of recent semen exposure. There is currently only limited information on whether topical vaginal products affect PSA assays. We investigated this question using various dilutions of several vaginal products (lubricants and spermicides) and the Abacus ABAcard for PSA detection. STUDY DESIGN: Pooled semen controls and various dilutions of nonoxynol-9 (N9), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), Replens, Gynol 2, K-Y jelly, Astroglide, Surgilube, combined with pooled semen dilutions, were tested for PSA using the Abacus ABAcard. RESULTS: N9 (2% with saline) and CMC did not appear to affect the results of testing with the ABAcard, but not all semen dilutions were tested. The other products (including Replens and Gynol, which is 2% N9 with propylene glycol, K-Y, Astroglide and Surgilube) at some of the dilutions tested either affected or gave invalid results with PSA testing using the ABAcard. Both Gynol 2 and K-Y at 1:10 dilution gave false-positive results. CONCLUSIONS: Some vaginal products affect PSA results obtained by using the semiquantitative ABAcard. In vivo confirmation is necessary to further optimize PSA detection when topical vaginal products are present. |
Optimal methods for collecting and storing vaginal specimens for prostate-specific antigen testing in research studies
Gallo MF , Snead MC , Black CM , Brown TM , Kourtis AP , Jamieson DJ , Carter M , Penman-Aguilar A , Macaluso M . Contraception 2012 87 (6) 830-5 BACKGROUND: Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) detected in vaginal fluid can be used in studies of HIV/sexually transmitted infection (STI) and pregnancy prevention as an alternative to relying on participant reports of exposure to semen. Optimal methods for collecting and storing specimens for this testing have not been determined. STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a controlled, in vitro experiment of 550 specimens spiked with semen to determine the effects of swab type (five types), storage conditions of the swabs (room temperature with or without desiccant or at -80 degrees C without desiccant) and time from collection to testing (seven intervals over the course of 12 months) on the identification of PSA. We performed factorial analysis of variance to identify factors influencing PSA detection. RESULTS: Concentrations of PSA detected in the swabs declined with time of storage over the 1-year experiment (p<.01). The 1-mL, rayon-tipped swab stored immediately at -80 degrees C following collection performed best. CONCLUSIONS: If immediate testing or freezer storage is not feasible, investigators should use a swab with 1-mL capacity with processing and testing as soon as possible after specimen collection. |
Lead poisoning in the United States
Baron SL , Brown TM . Am J Public Health 2009 99 S547-S549 ONLY A FEW YEARS AGO, we were most of us under the impression that our country was practically free from occupational poisoning, that American match factories never were troubled by cases of phossy jaw, and that our lead works were so much better built and managed, our lead workers so much better paid, and therefore better fed, than the European, that lead poisoning was not a problem here as it is in all other countries. | The investigation made by John Andrews for the United States Bureau of Labor disillusioned us about our freedom from phosphorus necrosis, and the studies published by the New York State Factory Investigating Commission and by the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics are teaching us that, far from being superior to Europe in the matter of industrial plumbism, we have a higher rate in many of the lead industries than have England and Germany. As a matter of fact, the supposed advantages of the American lead worker, good wages, short hours, a high standard of living, obtain only in a few of the lead trades, such as house painting, plumbing (hardly a lead trade now), printing, and white ware pottery work. Art potteries, tile factories, white and red lead works, storage battery plants, and lead smelters and refineries pay the rate of wages given to unskilled laborers in that particular section and the work day is ten hours, while the standard of living is often very low, the men employed being for the most part foreigners with no permanent relation to the community in which they are working. When to these factors are added the almost universal absence of sanitary control of the work places and of personal care of the working force, it is easy to understand why we have much lead poisoning in industries which in Great Britain and Germany are comparatively safe. |
Alice Hamilton (1869-1970): mother of US occupational medicine
Baron SL , Brown TM . Am J Public Health 2009 99 S548 ALICE HAMILTON, OFTEN referred to as the mother of US occupational medicine, was also one of a pioneering group of young women who formed part of Jane Addam's Hull House at the turn of the 20th century. Born in New York City and raised in Fort Wayne, Indiana, Hamilton earned her medical degree at the University of Michigan in 1893. Following internships in Minneapolis, Minnesota, and Boston, Massachusetts, she studied bacteriology and pathology in Germany and then at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland. She moved to Chicago in 1897 where she was appointed professor of pathology at the Women's Medical School of Northwestern University.1(p1–10) | While happy to find a professional position in her field, she was most excited about the opportunity to become part of Jane Addam's new settlement movement. Her life at Hull House exposed her to many of the leading progressive era activists and social reformers including Florence Kelley, the socialist, who fought against child labor and for the 8-hour workday. In her autobiography, Hamilton wrote, “In settlement life it is impossible not to see how deep and fundamental are the inequalities in our democratic country.”2(p75) While living among the working class immigrant communities of Chicago, Illinois, she heard about their deplorable working conditions and she began reading studies by European occupational medicine researchers. When she asked US authorities about the existence of industrial poisoning she was assured that the European findings could not apply to American workers who “were so much better paid, their standard of living was so much higher, and the factories they worked in so much finer than the Europeans.”2(p115) Alice Hamilton's training in pathology, combined with her intimate knowledge of working class life, and her ideals of social reform made her the spearhead of the occupational safety and health movement in the United States.3 |
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