Last data update: Jan 27, 2025. (Total: 48650 publications since 2009)
Records 1-15 (of 15 Records) |
Query Trace: Breysse PN[original query] |
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Examining unusual patterns of cancer and environmental concerns: The importance of community input and engagement
Foster SL , Condon SK , Lavery AM , Etheredge AA , Kennedy BS , Svendsen ER , Breysse PN . J Public Health Manag Pract 2024 30 (6) 879-886 CONTEXT: In fiscal year 2019, the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) received an appropriation from Congress specifically to update guidelines for investigating community cancer concerns. This resulted in the DHHS directing the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to fulfill this responsibility. PROGRAM: The CDC and the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) provide guidance to state, tribal, local, and territorial (STLT) health departments and play important roles in supporting STLT programs in addressing community cancer concerns. IMPLEMENTATION: The updated guidelines offer enhancements addressing limitations and challenges regarding the process for investigating cancer clusters as expressed by STLT programs responsible for responding to inquiries and by communities impacted by unusual patterns of cancer. Additionally, the updated guidelines offer new tools and approaches associated with scientific advancements. Issues associated with improving communications and community engagement were a priority. Details in the updated guidelines provide suggestions for building and maintaining trust; provide resources via additional tools, templates, and methodology to facilitate sharing of information; provide suggestions for identifying agency and community points of contacts; and provide suggestions for establishing a community advisory committee. CONCLUSION: Enhancements to the previous guidelines were included to address advancements in statistical approaches and methods for understanding exposure pathways and also to respond to limitations described in the previous guidelines. Furthermore, these enhancements ensure communities have a voice in the process and offer methods to enhance transparency throughout the investigative process. Ultimately, the 2022 Guidelines are designed to ensure that community engagement, community input, and communication remains paramount to the process of assessing unusual patterns of cancer and environmental concerns. |
Targeting coordinated federal efforts to address persistent hazardous exposures to lead
Breysse PN , Cascio WE , Geller AM , Choiniere CJ , Ammon M . Am J Public Health 2022 112 S640-s646 The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the US Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), and other federal agencies are committed to primary and secondary prevention of lead exposure and its adverse health outcomes. Updated national standards, guidance, and coordinated policies combined with abatement, enforcement, remediation, infrastructure replacement, and other lead exposure prevention projects will further reduce the presence of lead in the diets of children and their families and in the places where they live, work, learn, and play. This includes providing resources to support cleanup or removal of remaining lead exposure hazards; identifying the most vulnerable US locations to focus prevention and mitigation efforts through coordinated lead-mapping efforts; targeting blood lead surveillance, education, outreach, and training to the most vulnerable locations; and updating national standards and guidance based on the best available science. We describe how agencies are coordinating their efforts. |
Update of the Blood Lead Reference Value - United States, 2021
Ruckart PZ , Jones RL , Courtney JG , LeBlanc TT , Jackson W , Karwowski MP , Cheng PY , Allwood P , Svendsen ER , Breysse PN . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2021 70 (43) 1509-1512 The negative impact of lead exposure on young children and those who become pregnant is well documented but is not well known by those at highest risk from this hazard. Scientific evidence suggests that there is no known safe blood lead level (BLL), because even small amounts of lead can be harmful to a child's developing brain (1). In 2012, CDC introduced the population-based blood lead reference value (BLRV) to identify children exposed to more lead than most other children in the United States. The BLRV should be used as a guide to 1) help determine whether medical or environmental follow-up actions should be initiated for an individual child and 2) prioritize communities with the most need for primary prevention of exposure and evaluate the effectiveness of prevention efforts. The BLRV is based on the 97.5th percentile of the blood lead distribution in U.S. children aged 1-5 years from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data. NHANES is a complex, multistage survey designed to provide a nationally representative assessment of health and nutritional status of the noninstitutionalized civilian adult and child populations in the United States (2). The initial BLRV of 5 μg/dL, established in 2012, was based on data from the 2007-2008 and 2009-2010 NHANES cycles. Consistent with recommendations from a former advisory committee, this report updates CDC's BLRV in children to 3.5 μg/dL using NHANES data derived from the 2015-2016 and 2017-2018 cycles and provides helpful information to support adoption by state and local health departments, health care providers (HCPs), clinical laboratories, and others and serves as an opportunity to advance health equity and environmental justice related to preventable lead exposure. CDC recommends that public health and clinical professionals focus screening efforts on populations at high risk based on age of housing and sociodemographic risk factors. Public health and clinical professionals should collaborate to develop screening plans responsive to local conditions using local data. In the absence of such plans, universal BLL testing is recommended. In addition, jurisdictions should follow the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services requirement that all Medicaid-enrolled children be tested at ages 12 and 24 months or at age 24-72 months if they have not previously been screened (3). |
Randomized clinical trial of air cleaners to improve indoor air quality and COPD health: results of the Clean Air Study
Hansel NN , Putcha N , Woo H , Peng R , Diette GB , Fawzy A , Wise RA , Romero K , Davis MF , Rule AM , Eakin MN , Breysse PN , McCormack MC , Koehler K . Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2021 205 (4) 421-430 RATIONALE: Indoor particulate matter is associated with worse COPD outcomes. It remains unknown whether reductions of indoor pollutants improve respiratory morbidity. METHODS: Eligible former smokers with moderate-severe COPD received active or sham portable HEPA air cleaners and followed for six months in this blinded randomized controlled trial. The primary outcome was six-month change in Saint George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ). Secondary outcomes were exacerbation risk, respiratory symptoms, rescue medication use and 6MWD. Intention to treat analysis included all subjects and per protocol analysis included adherent participants (greater than 80% use of air cleaner). MAIN RESULTS: 116 participants were randomized of which 84.5% completed study. There was no statistically significant difference in total SGRQ score, but the active filter group had greater reduction in SGRQ symptom subscale (ß -7.7 [95% CI, -15.0 to -0.37]) and respiratory symptoms (BCSS, ß -0.8 [95% CI, -1.5 to -0.1); and lower rate of moderate exacerbations (IRR 0.32 [95% CI, 0.12-0.91]) and rescue medication use (IRR 0.54 [95% CI, 0.33-0.86]) compared to sham group (all p<0.05). In per protocol analysis, there was statistically significant difference in primary outcome between the active filter vs. sham group (SGRQ β-4.76 [95% CI, -9.2 to -0.34]) and in moderate exacerbation risk, BCSS and 6MWD. Participants spending more time indoors were more likely to have treatment benefit. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first environmental intervention study conducted among former smokers with COPD showing potential health benefits of portable HEPA air cleaners, particularly among those with greater adherence and spending a greater time indoors. Clinical trial registration available at www.clinicaltrials.gov, ID: NCT02236858. |
Cardiopulmonary impact of particulate air pollution in high-risk populations: JACC State-of-the-Art Review
Newman JD , Bhatt DL , Rajagopalan S , Balmes JR , Brauer M , Breysse PN , Brown AGM , Carnethon MR , Cascio WE , Collman GW , Fine LJ , Hansel NN , Hernandez A , Hochman JS , Jerrett M , Joubert BR , Kaufman JD , Malik AO , Mensah GA , Newby DE , Peel JL , Siegel J , Siscovick D , Thompson BL , Zhang J , Brook RD . J Am Coll Cardiol 2020 76 (24) 2878-2894 Fine particulate air pollution <2.5 μm in diameter (PM(2.5)) is a major environmental threat to global public health. Multiple national and international medical and governmental organizations have recognized PM(2.5) as a risk factor for cardiopulmonary diseases. A growing body of evidence indicates that several personal-level approaches that reduce exposures to PM(2.5) can lead to improvements in health endpoints. Novel and forward-thinking strategies including randomized clinical trials are important to validate key aspects (e.g., feasibility, efficacy, health benefits, risks, burden, costs) of the various protective interventions, in particular among real-world susceptible and vulnerable populations. This paper summarizes the discussions and conclusions from an expert workshop, Reducing the Cardiopulmonary Impact of Particulate Matter Air Pollution in High Risk Populations, held on May 29 to 30, 2019, and convened by the National Institutes of Health, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. |
Association of long-term ambient ozone exposure with respiratory morbidity in smokers
Paulin LM , Gassett AJ , Alexis NE , Kirwa K , Kanner RE , Peters S , Krishnan JA , Paine R3rd , Dransfield M , Woodruff PG , Cooper CB , Barr RG , Comellas AP , Pirozzi CS , Han M , Hoffman EA , Martinez FJ , Woo H , Peng RD , Fawzy A , Putcha N , Breysse PN , Kaufman JD , Hansel NN . JAMA Intern Med 2019 180 (1) 106-115 Importance: Few studies have investigated the association of long-term ambient ozone exposures with respiratory morbidity among individuals with a heavy smoking history. Objective: To investigate the association of historical ozone exposure with risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), computed tomography (CT) scan measures of respiratory disease, patient-reported outcomes, disease severity, and exacerbations in smokers with or at risk for COPD. Design, Setting, and Participants: This multicenter cross-sectional study, conducted from November 1, 2010, to July 31, 2018, obtained data from the Air Pollution Study, an ancillary study of SPIROMICS (Subpopulations and Intermediate Outcome Measures in COPD Study). Data analyzed were from participants enrolled at 7 (New York City, New York; Baltimore, Maryland; Los Angeles, California; Ann Arbor, Michigan; San Francisco, California; Salt Lake City, Utah; and Winston-Salem, North Carolina) of the 12 SPIROMICS clinical sites. Included participants had historical ozone exposure data (n = 1874), were either current or former smokers (>/=20 pack-years), were with or without COPD, and were aged 40 to 80 years at baseline. Healthy persons with a smoking history of 1 or more pack-years were excluded from the present analysis. Exposures: The 10-year mean historical ambient ozone concentration at participants' residences estimated by cohort-specific spatiotemporal modeling. Main Outcomes and Measures: Spirometry-confirmed COPD, chronic bronchitis diagnosis, CT scan measures (emphysema, air trapping, and airway wall thickness), 6-minute walk test, modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) Dyspnea Scale, COPD Assessment Test (CAT), St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), postbronchodilator forced expiratory volume in the first second of expiration (FEV1) % predicted, and self-report of exacerbations in the 12 months before SPIROMICS enrollment, adjusted for demographics, smoking, and job exposure. Results: A total of 1874 SPIROMICS participants were analyzed (mean [SD] age, 64.5 [8.8] years; 1479 [78.9%] white; and 1013 [54.1%] male). In adjusted analysis, a 5-ppb (parts per billion) increase in ozone concentration was associated with a greater percentage of emphysema (beta = 0.94; 95% CI, 0.25-1.64; P = .007) and percentage of air trapping (beta = 1.60; 95% CI, 0.16-3.04; P = .03); worse scores for the mMRC Dyspnea Scale (beta = 0.10; 95% CI, 0.03-0.17; P = .008), CAT (beta = 0.65; 95% CI, 0.05-1.26; P = .04), and SGRQ (beta = 1.47; 95% CI, 0.01-2.93; P = .048); lower FEV1% predicted value (beta = -2.50; 95% CI, -4.42 to -0.59; P = .01); and higher odds of any exacerbation (odds ratio [OR], 1.37; 95% CI, 1.12-1.66; P = .002) and severe exacerbation (OR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.07-1.76; P = .01). No association was found between historical ozone exposure and chronic bronchitis, COPD, airway wall thickness, or 6-minute walk test result. Conclusions and Relevance: This study found that long-term historical ozone exposure was associated with reduced lung function, greater emphysema and air trapping on CT scan, worse patient-reported outcomes, and increased respiratory exacerbations for individuals with a history of heavy smoking. The association between ozone exposure and adverse respiratory outcomes suggests the need for continued reevaluation of ambient pollution standards that are designed to protect the most vulnerable members of the US population. |
Lead elimination for the 21st century
Breysse PN . J Public Health Manag Pract 2019 25 S3-s4 Now is the time to eliminate lead from children’s environments. | | Lead exposure—which can inhibit brain development—poses a significant health threat to hundreds of thousands of American children.1 | | Over time, scientific evidence has accumulated and no safe level of lead for children has been identified. Why then has the elimination of lead hazards in the environment not been more of a priority for society as a whole? Lead poisoning is the longest-lasting childhood epidemic in the United States and has never been treated as one. |
Association of obesity with hearing impairment in adolescents
Scinicariello F , Carroll Y , Eichwald J , Decker J , Breysse PN . Sci Rep 2019 9 (1) 1877 Hearing loss (HL) is the third most common chronic physical condition in the United States. Obesity has become an increasingly important public health concern, as the prevalence in children, adolescents and adults has increased over the past few decades. The objectives of this study is to investigate whether obesity is associated with audiometric notches indicative of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL), speech frequency hearing loss (SFHL), and high frequency hearing loss (HFHL) in adolescent participants of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2010. The prevalence of overall audiometric notches in the adolescent population was 16.0% with higher prevalence in females than males. The prevalence of SFHL and HFHL were higher in males than females (SFHL, 7.3% vs. 5.4%, respectively; and HFHL 14.3% vs. 8.1%, respectively). Obese adolescents had a higher adjusted OR to have audiometric notches (OR = 1.93; 95% CI: 1.33-2.81) and HFHL (OR = 1.95; 95% CI: 1.19-3.21). Continued preventative efforts towards reducing obesity might also help to reduce the risk for HL and NIHL. |
The Flint Water Crisis: A coordinated public health emergency response and recovery initiative
Ruckart PZ , Ettinger AS , Hanna-Attisha M , Jones N , Davis SI , Breysse PN . J Public Health Manag Pract 2019 25 S84-s90 CONTEXT: The City of Flint was already distressed because of decades of financial decline when an estimated 140 000 individuals were exposed to lead and other contaminants in drinking water. In April 2014, Flint's drinking water source was changed from Great Lakes' Lake Huron (which was provided by the Detroit Water and Sewerage Department) to the Flint River without necessary corrosion control treatment to prevent lead release from pipes and plumbing. Lead exposure can damage children's brains and nervous systems, lead to slow growth and development, and result in learning, behavior, hearing, and speech problems. After the involvement of concerned residents and independent researchers, Flint was reconnected to the Detroit water system on October 16, 2015. A federal emergency was declared in January 2016. PROGRAM: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention provided assistance and support for response and recovery efforts including coordinating effective health messaging; assessing lead exposure; providing guidance on blood lead screening protocols; and identifying and linking community members to appropriate follow-up services.In response to the crisis in Flint, Congress funded the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to establish a federal advisory committee; enhance Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention Program activities; and support a voluntary Flint lead exposure registry. The registry, funded through a grant to Michigan State University, is designed to identify eligible participants and ensure robust registry data; monitor health, child development, service utilization, and ongoing lead exposure; improve service delivery to lead-exposed individuals; and coordinate with other community and federally funded programs in Flint. The registry is also collaborating to make Flint "lead-free" and to share best practices with other communities. DISCUSSION: The Flint water crisis highlights the need for improved risk communication strategies, and environmental health infrastructure, enhanced surveillance, and primary prevention to identify and respond to environmental threats to the public's health. Collecting data is important to facilitate action and decision making to prevent lead poisoning. Partnerships can help guide innovative strategies for primary lead prevention, raise awareness, extend outreach and communication efforts, and promote a shared sense of ownership. |
Age and sex differences in hearing loss association with depressive symptoms: analyses of NHANES 2011-2012
Scinicariello F , Przybyla J , Carroll Y , Eichwald J , Decker J , Breysse PN . Psychol Med 2018 49 (6) 1-7 BACKGROUND: Depression is a common and significant health problem. Hearing loss is the third most common chronic physical condition in the USA and might be a factor in depression. To determine whether hearing loss is associated with depressive symptoms in US adults ages 20-69 years. METHODS: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data (2011-2012) were used to assess the potential relationship between hearing loss and depression, in adults (20-69 years) who answered the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) depression screening module, with pure tone audiometry measurements, and complete information on the co-variates data (n = 3316). The degree of speech-frequency hearing loss (SFHL) and high-frequency hearing loss (HFHL) were defined as slight/mild hearing loss 26-40 dB; moderate/worse hearing loss 41 dB by pure tone audiometry examination. RESULTS: Moderate/worse HFHL was statistically significantly associated with depressive symptoms (OR 1.54, 95% CL 1.04-2.27) when the analyses were conducted among all participants. Further stratification by gender and age groups found that moderate/worse HFHL (OR 3.85, 95% CL 1.39-10.65) and moderate/worse SFHL (OR 5.75, 95% CL 1.46-22.71) were associated with depressive symptoms in women ages 52-69 years. CONCLUSIONS: Moderate/worse speech frequency and HFHL are associated with depression in women ages 52-69 years, independent of other risk factors. Hearing screenings are likely to reduce delays in diagnosis and provide early opportunities for noise prevention counseling and access to hearing aids. Health professionals should be aware of depressive signs and symptoms in patients with hearing loss. |
Vital Signs: Asthma in children - United States, 2001-2016
Zahran HS , Bailey CM , Damon SA , Garbe PL , Breysse PN . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2018 67 (5) 149-155 BACKGROUND: Asthma is the most common chronic lung disease of childhood, affecting approximately 6 million children in the United States. Although asthma cannot be cured, most of the time, asthma symptoms can be controlled by avoiding or reducing exposure to asthma triggers (allergens and irritants) and by following recommendations for asthma education and appropriate medical care. METHODS: CDC analyzed asthma data from the 2001-2016 National Health Interview Survey for children aged 0-17 years to examine trends and demographic differences in health outcomes and health care use. RESULTS: Asthma was more prevalent among boys (9.2%) than among girls (7.4%), children aged >/=5 years (approximately 10%) than children aged <5 years (3.8%), non-Hispanic black (black) children (15.7%) and children of Puerto Rican descent (12.9%) than among non-Hispanic white (white) children (7.1%), and children living in low income families (10.5%) than among those living in families with income >/=250% of the Federal Poverty Level (FPL) (approximately 7%). Asthma prevalence among children increased from 8.7% in 2001 to 9.4% in 2010, and then decreased to 8.3% in 2016. Although not all changes were statistically significant, a similar pattern was observed among subdemographic groups studied, with the exception of Mexican/Mexican-American children, among whom asthma prevalence increased from 5.1% in 2001 to 6.5% in 2016. Among children with asthma, the percentage who had an asthma attack in the past 12 months declined significantly from 2001 to 2016. Whereas asthma prevalence was lower among children aged 0-4 years than among older children, the prevalence of asthma attacks (62.4%), emergency department or urgent care center (ED/UC) visits (31.1%), and hospitalization (10.4%) were higher among children with asthma aged 0-4 years than among those aged 12-17 years (44.8%, 9.6%, and 2.8%, respectively). During 2013, children with asthma aged 5-17 years missed 13.8 million days of school per year (2.6 days per child). Compared with 2003, in 2013, the prevalence of adverse health outcomes and health care use were significantly lower and the prevalence of having an action plan to manage asthma was higher. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH PRACTICE: Asthma remains an important public health and medical problem. The health of children with asthma can be improved by promoting asthma control strategies, including asthma trigger reduction, appropriate guidelines-based medical management, and asthma education for children, parents, and others involved in asthma care. |
The importance of housing for healthy populations and communities
Breysse PN , Gant JL . J Public Health Manag Pract 2017 23 (2) 204-206 In this issue, 3 articles summarize the impact of acomprehensive, multisite healthy homes initiative(New York State Healthy Neighborhoods Pro-gram [HNP]) on overall housing-related conditions,as well as asthma health outcomes and costs, andremind us of the importance of housing to healthypopulations and communities. Housing has long beenrecognized as a key health determinant.1,2As earlyas 1938, the American Public Health Association(APHA) published a book on basic principles ofhealthy housing.3More recently, the National Cen-ter for Healthy Housing, along with APHA, publishedan updated National Healthy Homes Standard.4In2009, the US Surgeon General issued aCall to Ac-tion to Promote Healthy Homesthat addressed wayshousing can affect health, highlighting the importanceof healthy homes.5This was followed in 2013 bythe release of a federal strategy,Advancing HealthyHousing: A Strategy for Action,6that includes a vi-sion statement of “Substantially reduce the numberof American homes with health and safety hazards,”and which identifies multiple actions to accelerate thecreation of healthy housing. In a 2011 analysis, theCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) es-timated that 5.2% (5.8 million) of housing units inthe United States were classified as inadequate and23.4 million housing units were considered unhealthy,based on data collected as part of the American Hous-ing Survey.6That article also identified key racial,educational, and economic disparities in access to adequate housing. While a number of specific hous-ing interventions have been shown to reduce diseaseand injury in residents, getting wide adoption of theseinterventions has proven difficult. Efforts to increaseaccess to healthy housing can have significant healthand economic impact, as highlighted in the articlespresented in this issue |
Respiratory effects of indoor heat and the interaction with air pollution in COPD
McCormack MC , Belli AJ , Waugh D , Matsui EC , Peng RD , Williams D , Paulin L , Saha A , Aloe CM , Diette GB , Breysse PN , Hansel NN . Ann Am Thorac Soc 2016 13 (12) 2125-2131 RATIONALE: There is limited evidence of the effect of exposure to heat on COPD morbidity and the interactive effect between indoor heat and air pollution has not been established. OBJECTIVES: To determine the effect of indoor and outdoor heat exposure on COPD morbidity and to determine whether air pollution concentrations modify the effect of temperature. METHODS: Sixty-nine participants with COPD were enrolled in a longitudinal cohort study and data from the 601 participant days that occurred during the warm weather season were included in the analysis. Participants completed home environmental monitoring with measurement of temperature, relative humidity, and indoor air pollutants and simultaneous daily assessment of respiratory health with questionnaires and portable spirometry. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Participants had moderate to severe COPD and spent the majority of their time indoors. Increases in maximum indoor temperature were associated with worsening of daily Breathlessness, Cough, and Sputum Scores (BCSS) and increases in rescue inhaler use. The effect was detected on the same day and lags of 1 and 2 days. The detrimental effect of temperature on these outcomes increased with higher concentrations of indoor fine particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide (p<0.05 for interaction terms). On days that participants went outdoors, increases in maximum daily outdoor temperature were associated with increases in BCSS scores after adjusting for outdoor pollution concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: For patients with COPD that spend the majority of their time indoors, indoor heat exposure during warmer months represents a modifiable environmental exposure that may contribute to respiratory morbidity. In the context of climate change, adaptive strategies that include optimization of indoor environmental conditions are needed to protect this high risk group from adverse health effects of heat. |
Exposure science in an age of rapidly changing climate: challenges and opportunities
LaKind JS , Overpeck J , Breysse PN , Backer L , Richardson SD , Sobus J , Sapkota A , Upperman CR , Jiang C , Beard CB , Brunkard JM , Bell JE , Harris R , Chretien JP , Peltier RE , Chew GL , Blount BC . J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 2016 26 (6) 529-538 Climate change is anticipated to alter the production, use, release, and fate of environmental chemicals, likely leading to increased uncertainty in exposure and human health risk predictions. Exposure science provides a key connection between changes in climate and associated health outcomes. The theme of the 2015 Annual Meeting of the International Society of Exposure Science-Exposures in an Evolving Environment-brought this issue to the fore. By directing attention to questions that may affect society in profound ways, exposure scientists have an opportunity to conduct "consequential science"-doing science that matters, using our tools for the greater good and to answer key policy questions, and identifying causes leading to implementation of solutions. Understanding the implications of changing exposures on public health may be one of the most consequential areas of study in which exposure scientists could currently be engaged. In this paper, we use a series of case studies to identify exposure data gaps and research paths that will enable us to capture the information necessary for understanding climate change-related human exposures and consequent health impacts. We hope that paper will focus attention on under-developed areas of exposure science that will likely have broad implications for public health. |
Specific blood absorption parameters for 239PUO2 and 238PUO2 nanoparticles and impacts on bioassay interpretation
Cash LJ , Hoover MD , Guilmette RA , Breysse PN , Bertelli L . Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2016 173 (4) 318-324 Specific absorption parameters for239PuO2and238PuO2have been determined based on available biokinetic data from studies in rodents, and the impacts of these parameters on bioassay interpretation and dosimetry after inhalation of nanoPuO2materials have been evaluated. Calculations of activities after an acute intake of nanoparticles of239PuO2and238PuO2are compared with the corresponding calculations using standard default absorption parameters using the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) 66 respiratory tract model. Committed effective doses are also evaluated and compared. In this case, it was found that interpretation of bioassay measurements with the assumption that the biokinetic behaviour of PuO2nanoparticles is the same as that of micrometre-sized particles can result in an overprediction of the committed effective dose by two orders of magnitude. Although in this case the use of the default assumptions (5 microm AMAD, Type S) for assessing dose following inhalation exposure to airborne PuO2nanoparticles appears to be conservative, the evaluation of situations involving PuO2nanoparticles that may have different particle size and solubility properties should prudently follow the ICRP recommendation to obtain and use additional, material-specific information whenever possible. |
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