Last data update: May 28, 2024. (Total: 46864 publications since 2009)
Records 1-3 (of 3 Records) |
Query Trace: Anderson KL [original query] |
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Triclosan induces thymic stromal lymphopoietin in skin promoting Th2 allergic responses
Marshall NB , Lukomska E , Long CM , Kashon ML , Sharpnack DD , Nayak AP , Anderson KL , Meade BJ , Anderson SE . Toxicol Sci 2015 147 (1) 127-39 Triclosan is an antimicrobial chemical incorporated into many personal, medical and household products. 75% of the U.S. population has detectable levels of triclosan in their urine and although it is not typically considered a contact sensitizer, recent studies have begun to link triclosan exposure with augmented allergic disease. We examined the effects of dermal triclosan exposure on the skin and lymph nodes of mice and in a human skin model to identify mechanisms for augmenting allergic responses. Triclosan (0-3%) was applied topically at 24 hour intervals to the ear pinnae of OVA-sensitized BALB/c mice. Skin and draining lymph nodes were evaluated for cellular responses and cytokine expression over time. The effects of triclosan (0-0.75%) on cytokine expression in a human skin tissue model was also examined. Exposure to triclosan increased the expression of TSLP, IL-1beta and TNF-alpha in the skin with concomitant decreases in IL-25, IL-33 and IL-1alpha. Similar changes in TSLP, IL1B and IL33 expression occurred in human skin. Topical application of triclosan also increased draining lymph node cellularity consisting of activated CD86+GL-7+ B cells, CD80+CD86+ dendritic cells, GATA-3+OX-40+IL-4+IL-13+ Th2 cells and IL-17A+ CD4 T cells. In-vivo antibody blockade of TSLP reduced skin irritation, IL-1beta expression, lymph node cellularity, and Th2 responses augmented by triclosan. Repeated dermal exposure to triclosan induces TSLP expression in skin tissue as a potential mechanism for augmenting allergic responses. |
Exposure to triclosan augments the allergic response to ovalbumin in a mouse model of asthma
Anderson SE , Franko J , Kashon ML , Anderson KL , Hubbs AF , Lukomska E , Meade BJ . Toxicol Sci 2012 132 (1) 96-106 During the last decade there has been a remarkable and unexplained increase in the prevalence of asthma. These studies were conducted to investigate the role of dermal exposure to triclosan, an endocrine-disrupting compound, on the hypersensitivity response to ovalbumin (OVA) in a murine model of asthma. Triclosan has had widespread use in the general population as an antibacterial and antifungal agent and is commonly found in consumer products such as soaps, deodorants, toothpastes, shaving creams, mouth washes, and cleaning supplies. For these studies, BALB/c mice were exposed dermally to concentrations of triclosan ranging from 0.75-3% (0.375-1.5 mg/mouse/day) for 28 consecutive days. Concordantly, mice were intraperitoneally injected with OVA (0.9 mcg) and aluminum hydroxide (0.5 mg) on days 1 and 10 and challenged with OVA (125 mcg) by pharyngeal aspiration on days 19 and 27. Compared to the animals exposed to OVA alone, increased spleen weights, OVA-specific IgE, Interleukin (IL)-13 cytokine levels, and lung eosinophils were demonstrated when mice were co-exposed to OVA and triclosan. Statistically significant increases in OVA-specific and non-specific airway hyperreactivity (AHR) were observed for all triclosan co-exposed groups when compared to the vehicle and OVA controls. In these studies exposure to triclosan alone was not demonstrated to be allergenic, however; co-exposure with a known allergen resulted in enhancement of the hypersensitivity response to that allergen, suggesting that triclosan exposure may augment the allergic responses to other environmental allergens. |
Immunotoxicity and allergic potential induced by topical application of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) in a murine model
Anderson SE , Franko J , Anderson KL , Munson AE , Lukomska E , Meade BJ . J Immunotoxicol 2012 10 (1) 59-66 Dimethyl carbonate (DMC) is an industrial chemical, used as a paint and adhesive solvent, with the potential for significant increases in production. Using select immune function assays, the purpose of these studies was to evaluate the immunotoxicity of DMC following dermal exposure using a murine model. Following a 28-day exposure, DMC produced a significant decrease in thymus weight at concentrations of 75% and greater. No effects on body weight, hematological parameters (erythrocytes, leukocytes, and their differentials), or immune cell phenotyping (B-cells, T-cells, and T-cell sub-sets) were identified. The IgM antibody response to sheep red blood cell (SRBC) was significantly reduced in the spleen but not the serum. DMC was not identified to be an irritant and evaluation of the sensitization potential, conducted using the local lymph node assay (LLNA) at concentrations ranging from 50-100%, did not identify increases in lymphocyte proliferation. These results demonstrate that dermal exposure to DMC induces immune suppression in a murine model and raise concern about potential human exposure and the need for occupational exposure regulations. |
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