Last data update: Jan 27, 2025. (Total: 48650 publications since 2009)
Records 1-9 (of 9 Records) |
Query Trace: Ainsworth G[original query] |
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Locally acquired melioidosis linked to environment - Mississippi, 2020-2023
Petras JK , Elrod MG , Ty MC , Dawson P , O'Laughlin K , Gee JE , Hanson J , Boutwell C , Ainsworth G , Beesley CA , Saile E , Tiller R , Gulvik CA , Ware D , Sokol T , Balsamo G , Taylor K , Salzer JS , Bower WA , Weiner ZP , Negrón ME , Hoffmaster AR , Byers P . N Engl J Med 2023 389 (25) 2355-2362 ![]() Melioidosis, caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, is a rare but potentially fatal bacterial disease endemic to tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. It is typically acquired through contact with contaminated soil or fresh water. Before this investigation, B. pseudomallei was not known to have been isolated from the environment in the continental United States. Here, we report on three patients living in the same Mississippi Gulf Coast county who presented with melioidosis within a 3-year period. They were infected by the same Western Hemisphere B. pseudomallei strain that was discovered in three environmental samples collected from the property of one of the patients. These findings indicate local acquisition of melioidosis from the environment in the Mississippi Gulf Coast region. |
Utility of the youth compendium of physical activities
Ainsworth BE , Watson KB , Ridley K , Pfeiffer KA , Herrmann SD , Crouter SE , McMurray RG , Butte NF , Bassett DR Jr , Trost SG , Berrigan D , Fulton JE . Res Q Exerc Sport 2018 89 (3) 1-9 PURPOSE: The purposes of this article are to: (a) describe the rationale and development of the Youth Compendium of Physical Activities (Youth Compendium); and (b) discuss the utility of the Youth Compendium for audiences in research, education, community, health care, public health, and the private sector. METHODS: The Youth Compendium provides a list of 196 physical activities (PA) categorized by activity types, specific activities, and metabolic costs (youth metabolic equivalents of task [METy]) as measured by indirect calorimetry. The utility of the Youth Compendium was assessed by describing ways in which it can be used by a variety of audiences. RESULTS: Researchers can use METy values to estimate PA levels and determine changes in PA in intervention studies. Educators can ask students to complete PA records to determine time spent in physical activities and to identify health-enhancing activities for classroom PA breaks. Community leaders, parents, and health care professionals can identify activity types that promote healthful behaviors. Public health agencies can use the METy values for surveillance and as a resource to inform progress toward meeting national physical activity guidelines. Applications for the private sector include the use of METy in PA trackers and other applications. CONCLUSION: The National Collaborative on Childhood Obesity Research Web site presents the Youth Compendium and related materials to facilitate measurement of the energy cost of nearly 200 physical activities in children and youth. The Youth Compendium provides a way to standardize energy costs in children and youth and has application for a wide variety of audiences. |
Feasibility of using pedometers in a state-based surveillance system: 2014 Arizona Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
Florez-Pregonero A , Fulton JE , Dorn JM , Ainsworth BE . J Sport Health Sci 2018 7 (1) 34-41 Background: Despite their utility in accessing ambulatory movement, pedometers have not been used consistently to monitor physical activity in U.S. surveillance systems. This study was designed to determine the feasibility of using pedometers to assess daily steps taken in a sub-sample of adults from Maricopa County who completed the 2014 Arizona Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Survey. Methods: Respondents were sent an Omron HJ324U pedometer, a logbook to record steps taken, and a walking questionnaire. The pedometer was worn for 7 days. Feasibility was assessed for acceptability (interest in study), demand (procedures followed correctly), implementation (time to complete study), and practicality (cost). Results: Acceptability was modest with 23.9% (830/3476) agreeing to participate. Among those participating (92.9%; 771/830), 50.1% (386/771) returned the logbook. Demand was modest with 39.3% (303/771) of logbooks returned with valid data. Implementation represented 5 months to recruit participants. The cost to obtain valid step-count data was USD61.60 per person. An average of 6363 ± 3049 steps/day were taken with most participants classified as sedentary (36.0%) or low active (35.6%). Conclusion: The feasibility of using pedometers in a state-based surveillance system is modest at best. Feasibility may potentially be improved with easy-to-use pedometers where data can be electronically downloaded. |
Achieving equity in physical activity participation: ACSM experience and next steps
Hasson RE , Brown DR , Dorn J , Barkley L , Torgan C , Whitt-Glover M , Ainsworth B , Keith N . Med Sci Sports Exerc 2017 49 (4) 848-858 There is clear and consistent evidence that regular physical activity is an important component of healthy lifestyles and fundamental to promoting health and preventing disease. Despite the known benefits of physical activity participation, many people in the United States remain inactive. More specifically, physical activity behavior is socially patterned with lower participation rates among women; racial/ethnic minorities; sexual minority youth; individuals with less education; persons with physical, mental, and cognitive disabilities; individuals >65 yr of age; and those living in the southeast region of the United States. Many health-related outcomes follow a pattern that is similar to physical activity participation. In response to the problem of inequities in physical activity and overall health in the United States, the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) has developed a national roadmap that supports achieving health equity through a physically active lifestyle. The actionable, integrated pathways that provide the foundation of ACSM's roadmap include the following: 1) communication-raising awareness of the issue and magnitude of health inequities and conveying the power of physical activity in promoting health equity; 2) education-developing educational resources to improve cultural competency for health care providers and fitness professionals as well as developing new community-based programs for lay health workers; 3) collaboration-building partnerships and programs that integrate existing infrastructures and leverage institutional knowledge, reach, and voices of public, private, and community organizations; and 4) evaluation-ensuring that ACSM attains measurable progress in reducing physical activity disparities to promote health equity. This article provides a conceptual overview of these four pathways of ACSM's roadmap, an understanding of the challenges and advantages of implementing these components, and the organizational and economic benefits of achieving health equity. |
A youth compendium of physical activities: Activity codes and metabolic intensities
Butte NF , Watson KB , Ridley K , Zakeri IF , McMurray RG , Pfeiffer KA , Crouter SE , Herrmann SD , Bassett DR , Long A , Berhane Z , Trost SG , Ainsworth BE , Berrigan D , Fulton JE . Med Sci Sports Exerc 2017 50 (2) 246-256 PURPOSE: A Youth Compendium of Physical Activities (Youth Compendium) was developed to estimate the energy costs of physical activities using data on youth only. METHODS: Based on a literature search and pooled data of energy expenditure measurements in youth, the energy costs of 196 activities were compiled in 16 activity categories to form a Youth Compendium of Physical Activities. To estimate the intensity of each activity, measured oxygen consumption (V[Combining Dot Above]O2) was divided by basal metabolic rate (Schofield age-, sex- and mass-specific equations) to produce a youth MET (METy). A mixed linear model was developed for each activity category to impute missing values for age ranges with no observations for a specific activity. RESULTS: This Youth Compendium consists of METy values for 196 specific activities classified into 16 major categories for four age groups, 6-9, 10-12, 13-15, and 16-18 years. METy values in this Youth Compendium were measured (51%) or imputed (49%) from youth data. CONCLUSION: This Youth Compendium of Physical Activities uses pediatric data exclusively, addresses the age-dependency of METy and imputes missing METy values and thus represents advancement in the physical activity research and practice. This Youth Compendium will be a valuable resource for stakeholders interested in evaluating interventions, programs, and policies designed to assess and encourage physical activity in youth.This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal. |
Energy cost expression for a youth compendium of physical activities: Rationale for using age groups
Pfeiffer KA , Watson KB , McMurray RG , Bassett DR , Butte NF , Crouter SE , Herrmann SD , Trost SG , Ainsworth BE , Fulton JE , Berrigan D . Pediatr Exerc Sci 2017 30 (1) 1-22 PURPOSE: This study compared the accuracy of physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) prediction using two methods of accounting for age dependency versus one standard (single) value across all ages. METHOD: PAEE estimates were derived by pooling data from five studies. Participants, 6-18 years (n=929), engaged in 14 activities while in a room calorimeter or wearing a portable metabolic analyzer. Linear regression was used to estimate the measurement error in PAEE (expressed as METy) associated with using age-groups (6-9, 10-12, 13-15, and 16-18 years) and age-in-years (each year of chronological age (e.g., 12=12.0-12.99 years)) versus the standard (a single value across all ages). RESULTS: Age-groups and age-in-years showed similar error, and both showed less error than the standard method for cycling, skilled and moderate-to-vigorous intensity activities. For sedentary and light activities, the standard had similar error to the other two methods. Mean values for root mean square error ranged from 0.2-1.7 METy across all activities. Error reduction ranged from -0.2-21.7% for age-groups and -0.23-18.2% for age-in-years, compared to the standard. CONCLUSION: Accounting for age showed lower errors than a standard (single) value; using an age-dependent model in the Youth Compendium is recommended. |
Strategic priorities for physical activity surveillance in the United States
Fulton JE , Carlson SA , Ainsworth BE , Berrigan D , Carlson C , Dorn JM , Heath GW , Kohl HW 3rd , Lee IM , Lee SM , Masse LC , Morrow JR Jr , Gabriel KP , Pivarnik JM , Pronk NP , Rodgers AB , Saelens BE , Sallis JF , Troiano RP , Tudor-Locke C , Wendel A . Med Sci Sports Exerc 2016 48 (10) 2057-69 PURPOSE: Develop strategic priorities to guide future physical activity surveillance in the United States. METHODS: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American College of Sports Medicine convened a Scientific Roundtable of physical activity and measurement experts. Participants summarized the current state of aerobic physical activity surveillance for adults, focusing on practice and research needs in three areas: 1) behavior, 2) human movement, and 3) community supports. Needs and challenges for each area were identified. At the conclusion of the meeting, experts identified one overarching strategy and five strategic priorities to guide future surveillance. RESULTS: The identified overarching strategy was to develop a national plan for physical activity surveillance similar to the U.S. National Physical Activity Plan for promotion. The purpose of the plan would be to enhance coordination and collaboration within and between sectors, such as transportation and public health, and to address specific strategic priorities identified at the Roundtable. These strategic priorities were: 1) identify and prioritize physical activity constructs, 2) assess the psychometric properties of instruments for physical activity surveillance, 3) provide training and technical assistance for those collecting, analyzing, or interpreting surveillance data, 4) explore accessing data from alternative sources, and 5) improve communication, translation, and dissemination about estimates of physical activity from surveillance systems. CONCLUSION: This Roundtable provided strategic priorities for physical activity surveillance in the United States. A first step is to develop a national plan for physical activity surveillance that would provide an operating framework from which to execute these priorities. |
Challenges and opportunities in a tuberculosis outbreak investigation in southern Mississippi, 2005-2007
Bloss E , Newbill K , Peto H , Rice MJ , Ainsworth G , Travnicek R , Holcombe M , Haddad MB , Oeltmann JE . South Med J 2011 104 (11) 731-5 OBJECTIVE: Between December 2005 and November 2007, a cluster of 11 tuberculosis (TB) cases emerged in Jackson County, Mississippi. We investigated the potential sources of disease transmission and epidemiologic links in this cluster to prevent future transmission in the community. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cases of TB reported in Jackson County from December 2005 to November 2007 having matching genotypes or social links to patients with matching genotypes were included in the investigation. We interviewed patients, reviewed medical records, and performed contact investigations. RESULTS: The combined genotyping and epidemiologic data pointed to ongoing TB transmission in this rural community. A combination of patient-specific and programmatic factors, including substance use, delays in TB diagnosis, nonadherence, and TB program staffing cuts, contributed to this outbreak in the context of the 2004 and 2005 Atlantic hurricane seasons. CONCLUSIONS: To eliminate Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission in this setting, recommendations for the TB program include enhanced coordination with substance abuse programs, community and provider education, and increased outreach capacity. |
The descriptive epidemiology of sitting: a 20-country comparison using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ)
Bauman A , Ainsworth BE , Sallis JF , Hagstromer M , Craig CL , Bull FC , Pratt M , Venugopal K , Chau J , Sjostrom M . Am J Prev Med 2011 41 (2) 228-35 BACKGROUND: Recent epidemiologic evidence points to the health risks of prolonged sitting, that are independent of physical activity, but few papers have reported the descriptive epidemiology of sitting in population studies with adults. PURPOSE: This paper reports the prevalence of "high sitting time" and its correlates in an international study in 20 countries. METHODS: Representative population samples from 20 countries were collected 2002-2004, and a question was asked on usual weekday hours spent sitting. This question was part of the International Prevalence Study, using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The sitting measure has acceptable reliability and validity. Daily sitting time was compared among countries, and by age group, gender, educational attainment, and physical activity. RESULTS: Data were available for 49,493 adults aged 18-65 years from 20 countries. The median reported sitting time was 300 minutes/day, with an interquartile range of 180-480 minutes. Countries reporting the lowest amount of sitting included Portugal, Brazil, and Colombia (medians ≤180 min/day), whereas adults in Taiwan, Norway, Hong Kong, Saudi Arabia, and Japan reported the highest sitting times (medians ≥360 min/day). In adjusted analyses, adults aged 40-65 years were significantly less likely to be in the highest quintile for sitting than adults aged 18-39 years (AOR=0.796), and those with postschool education had higher sitting times compared with those with high school or less education (OR=1.349). Physical activity showed an inverse relationship, with those reporting low activity on the IPAQ three times more likely to be in the highest-sitting quintile compared to those reporting high physical activity. CONCLUSIONS: Median sitting time varied widely across countries. Assessing sitting time is an important new area for preventive medicine, in addition to assessing physical activity and sedentary behaviors. Population surveys that monitor lifestyle behaviors should add measures of sitting time to physical activity surveillance. Moreover, the use of objective measures to capture the spectrum of sedentary (sitting) and physical activity behaviors is encouraged, particularly in low- and middle-income countries commencing new surveillance activities. |
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