Last data update: May 20, 2024. (Total: 46824 publications since 2009)
Records 1-2 (of 2 Records) |
Query Trace: Ahlquist Cleveland A [original query] |
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Diagnosis of fungal opportunistic infections in people living with HIV from Guatemala and El Salvador
Forno D , Samayoa B , Medina N , Arathoon E , Mejia CR , Gordillo R , Cedillos R , Rodas J , Ahlquist Cleveland A , Chiller T , Caceres DH . Mycoses 2021 64 (12) 1563-1570 OBJECTIVES: Histoplasmosis and cryptococcosis are important public health problems in people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Central America. Conventional laboratory tests, such as culture and microscopy are not optimal, however, antigen tests are rapid, highly sensitive, and specific for diagnosis of fungal opportunistic infections (OI). The aim of this study was to describe the results of a laboratory-based surveillance system for histoplasmosis and cryptococcosis. METHODS: An observational cross-sectional study based on laboratory surveillance, was carried out in two hospitals in Guatemala and one hospital in El Salvador, between July 2012 to and December 2014. Diagnosis of histoplasmosis and cryptococcosis in PLHIV were performed by culture and antigen test. RESULTS: A total of 160 PLHIV were diagnosed with fungal OI, of which, 96 (60%) were diagnosed with histoplasmosis, 62 (39%) were with cryptococcosis, and two patients (1%) were diagnosed with both fungal diseases. Of the 160 patients analyzed in this study, 94 (59%) were diagnosed using only an antigen assay. CD4 cell count data was available for 136 (85%) patients; 127 (93%) patients had a CD4 count <200 and 90 (66%) had counts <50 CD4 cells per µL. Antiretroviral therapy utilization at diagnosis was low (33%). Seventy-one out of 160 (44%) were co-infected with tuberculosis or other OIs. CONCLUSION: More than half of the patients in this study were diagnosed only by rapid laboratory antigen tests. A high percent of the patients had advanced HIV disease. |
Validation of a histoplasma ELISA antigenuria test in Colombian patients with AIDS for diagnosis and follow-up during therapy
Caceres DH , Scheel CM , Tobon AM , Ahlquist Cleveland A , Restrepo A , Brandt ME , Chiller T , Gomez BL . Clin Vaccine Immunol 2014 We validated an antigen capture ELISA test in Colombian persons with AIDS and proven histoplasmosis, and evaluated the correlation between antigenuria and clinical improvement during follow up. The sensitivity of the H. capsulatum ELISA was 86% and the overall specificity was 94%. The antigen test successfully monitored response to therapy. |
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