Last data update: Jan 27, 2025. (Total: 48650 publications since 2009)
Records 1-7 (of 7 Records) |
Query Trace: Adams JK[original query] |
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Human salmonellosis outbreak linked to salmonella typhimurium epidemic in wild songbirds, United States, 2020-2021
Patel K , Stapleton GS , Trevejo RT , Tellier WT , Higa J , Adams JK , Hernandez SM , Sanchez S , Nemeth NM , Debess EE , Rogers KH , Mete A , Watson KD , Foss L , Low MSF , Gollarza L , Nichols M . Emerg Infect Dis 2023 29 (11) 2298-2306 ![]() Salmonella infection causes epidemic death in wild songbirds, with potential to spread to humans. In February 2021, public health officials in Oregon and Washington, USA, isolated a strain of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium from humans and a wild songbird. Investigation by public health partners ultimately identified 30 illnesses in 12 states linked to an epidemic of Salmonella Typhimurium in songbirds. We report a multistate outbreak of human salmonellosis associated with songbirds, resulting from direct handling of sick and dead birds or indirect contact with contaminated birdfeeders. Companion animals might have contributed to the spread of Salmonella between songbirds and patients; the outbreak strain was detected in 1 ill dog, and a cat became ill after contact with a wild bird. This outbreak highlights a One Health issue where actions like regular cleaning of birdfeeders might reduce the health risk to wildlife, companion animals, and humans. |
Notes from the Field: Recurrence of a Multistate Outbreak of Salmonella Typhimurium Infections Linked to Contact with Hedgehogs - United States and Canada, 2020.
Waltenburg MA , Nichols M , Waechter H , Higa J , Cronquist L , Lowe AM , Adams JK , McFadden K , McConnell JA , Blank R , Basler C . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2021 70 (32) 1100-1102 ![]() ![]() In July 2020, PulseNet, the national molecular subtyping network for enteric disease surveillance, detected a cluster of 17 Salmonella Typhimurium infections. The isolates were closely related genetically to each other (four allele differences) by whole genome sequencing (WGS) analysis and related to isolates from two previous outbreaks of S. Typhimurium infections linked to pet hedgehogs (1,2). An investigation was initiated to characterize illnesses and identify the outbreak source. | | A case was defined as the isolation of S. Typhimurium closely related by WGS to the outbreak strain in a specimen from a patient with illness onset during April–November 2020. State and local officials interviewed patients about hedgehog exposures and purchase information. Animal and environmental sampling of hedgehog enclosures was conducted at some patient residences. Hedgehog purchase locations were contacted in an attempt to identify a possible common source or supplier of hedgehogs. This activity was reviewed by CDC and was conducted consistent with applicable federal law and CDC policy.* |
Gen-FS coordinated proficiency test data for genomic foodborne pathogen surveillance, 2017 and 2018 exercises.
Timme RE , Lafon PC , Balkey M , Adams JK , Wagner D , Carleton H , Strain E , Hoffmann M , Sabol A , Rand H , Lindsey R , Sheehan D , Baugher JD , Trees E . Sci Data 2020 7 (1) 402 ![]() ![]() The US PulseNet and GenomeTrakr laboratory networks work together within the Genomics for Food Safety (Gen-FS) consortium to collect and analyze genomic data for foodborne pathogen surveillance (species include Salmonella enterica, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli (STECs), and Campylobactor). In 2017 these two laboratory networks started harmonizing their respective proficiency test exercises, agreeing on distributing a single strain-set and following the same standard operating procedure (SOP) for genomic data collection, running a jointly coordinated annual proficiency test exercise. In this data release we are publishing the reference genomes and raw data submissions for the 2017 and 2018 proficiency test exercises. |
Multistate outbreak of human Salmonella typhimurium infections linked to pet hedgehogs - United States, 2011-2013
Anderson TC , Marsden-Haug N , Morris JF , Culpepper W , Bessette N , Adams JK , Bidol S , Meyer S , Schmitz J , Erdman MM , Gomez TM , Barton Behravesh C . Zoonoses Public Health 2016 64 (4) 290-298 Zoonotic Salmonella infections cause approximately 130 000 illnesses annually in the United States. Of 72.9 million US households owning at least one pet, five million own small mammals; 3000 hedgehogs were documented by USDA in USDA-licensed breeding facilities and pet stores in 2012. State health department collaborators and PulseNet, the national bacterial subtyping network, identified human infections of a Salmonella Typhimurium outbreak strain, which were investigated by CDC, USDA-APHIS and state public and animal health officials. A case was defined as an illness in a person infected with the outbreak strain identified between 1 December 2011 and 3 June 2013. Investigators collected information on patient exposures, cultured animal and environmental specimens for Salmonella, and conducted traceback investigations of USDA-licensed hedgehog facilities. There were 26 cases in 12 states. Illness onset dates ranged from 26 December 2011 to 8 April 2013. The median patient age was 15 years (range = <1-91 years); 58% were female. Among 23 persons with available information, 8 (35%) were hospitalized and one outbreak strain-associated death was reported. Of 25 patients with available information, 20 (80%) reported pet hedgehog contact in the week before illness onset. The outbreak strain was isolated from animal and environmental samples collected from three ill persons' homes in three states. Hedgehogs were purchased in geographically distant states from USDA-licensed breeders (10/17, 59%); a USDA-licensed pet store (1/17, 6%); unlicensed or unknown status breeders (3/17, 18%); and private individuals (3/17, 18%). Traceback investigations of USDA-licensed facilities did not reveal a single source of infection. Public and animal health collaboration linked pet hedgehog contact to human infections of Salmonella Typhimurium, highlighting the importance of a One Health investigative approach to zoonotic salmonellosis outbreaks. More efforts are needed to increase awareness among multiple stakeholders on the risk of illness associated with pet hedgehogs. |
Multistate outbreak of human Salmonella Typhimurium infections linked to live poultry from agricultural feed stores and mail-order hatcheries, United States 2013
Anderson TC , Nguyen TA , Adams JK , Garrett NM , Bopp CA , Baker JB , McNeil C , Torres P , Ettestad PJ , Erdman MM , Brinson DL , Gomez TM , Barton Behravesh C . One Health 2016 2 144-149 Live poultry-associated salmonellosis is an emerging public health issue in the United States. Public and animal health officials collaborated to investigate one of the largest (356 cases, 39 states) of these outbreaks reported to date. A case was defined as illness in a person infected with the outbreak strain of Salmonella Typhimurium with illness onset between 1 March and 22 October 2013. The median patient age was seven years (range: < 1–87 years); 58% of ill persons were children ≤ 10 years, 51% were female, 25% were hospitalized; 189 (76%) of 250 patients reported live poultry exposure in the week before illness; and 149 (95%) of 157 reported purchasing live poultry from agricultural feed stores. Traceback investigations identified 18 live poultry sources, including 16 mail-order hatcheries. Environmental sampling was conducted at two mail-order hatcheries. One (2.5%) of 40 duplicate samples collected at one hatchery yielded the outbreak strain. Live poultry are an important source of human salmonellosis, particularly among children, highlighting the need for educational campaigns and comprehensive interventions at the mail-order hatchery and agricultural feed store levels. Prevention and control efforts depend on a One Health approach, involving cooperation between public and animal health officials, industry, health professionals, and consumers. |
Outbreak of human Salmonella Typhimurium infections linked to contact with baby poultry from a single agricultural feed store chain and mail-order hatchery, 2009
Loharikar A , Vawter S , Warren K , Deasy M 3rd , Moll M , Sandt C , Gilhousen R , Villamil E , Rhorer A , Briere E , Schwensohn C , Trees E , Lafon P , Adams JK , Le B , Behravesh CB . Pediatr Infect Dis J 2012 32 (1) 8-12 BACKGROUND: Over thirty outbreaks of human salmonellosis linked to contact with live poultry from mail-order hatcheries were reported to CDC between 1990-2010. In May 2009, we investigated an outbreak of human Salmonella Typhimurium infections, primarily affecting children. METHODS: A case was defined as a person with the outbreak strain of Salmonella Typhimurium, as determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA), in a Pennsylvania or New York resident with illness onset between May 1- September 1, 2009. We conducted a case-control study to examine the relationship between illness and live poultry contact. Controls were age- and geographically-matched. Traceback and environmental investigations were conducted. RESULTS: We identified 36 case-patients in Pennsylvania and New York; 36% were children aged ≤5 years. Case-patients were more likely than controls to report live baby poultry contact (matched odds ratio [mOR]: 17.0; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]:2.7-710.5), contact with chicks (mOR:14.0; 95% CI:2.1-592.0), ducklings (mOR:8.0; 95% CI:1.1-355.0), and visiting agricultural feed stores (mOR:6.0; 95% CI:1.3-55.2). Most (83%) visited agricultural Feed Store Chain Y, a national agricultural feed store chain, which received poultry from Hatchery C, which is supplied by multiple egg sources. Salmonella Typhimurium was isolated from a source duck flock, but had a different PFGE pattern than the outbreak strain. CONCLUSION: Live baby poultry remain an important source of human salmonellosis, particularly among children. Preventing these infections requires comprehensive interventions at hatcheries and agricultural feed stores; pediatricians should inform patients of risks associated with live poultry contact. |
Four multistate outbreaks of human Salmonella infections associated with live poultry contact, United States, 2009
Loharikar A , Briere E , Schwensohn C , Weninger S , Wagendorf J , Scheftel J , Garvey A , Warren K , Villamil E , Rudroff JA , Kurkjian K , Levine S , Colby K , Morrison B , May A , Anderson S , Daly E , Marsden-Haug N , Erdman MM , Gomez T , Rhorer A , Castleman J , Adams JK , Theobald L , Lafon P , Trees E , Mitchell J , Sotir MJ , Behravesh CB . Zoonoses Public Health 2012 59 (5) 347-54 Outbreaks of human salmonellosis associated with live poultry contact have been reported since 1955. Multiple Salmonella serotypes have been associated with these outbreaks, and specific outbreak strains have been repeatedly linked to single hatcheries over multiple years. During 2009, four multistate outbreaks of human Salmonella infections associated with direct and indirect exposure to live poultry purchased from mail-order hatcheries and agricultural feed stores were identified, resulting in 165 culture-confirmed cases in 30 states. This report describes the epidemiologic, environmental and laboratory investigations conducted by state and local health departments, state departments of agriculture, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), National Poultry Improvement Plan (NPIP) and National Veterinary Services Laboratories (NVSL), and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Case-patients were identified through PulseNet, the national molecular subtyping network for foodborne disease surveillance, and interviewed using the CDC standard live poultry contact questionnaire that asks about poultry-related exposures during the 7 days before illness onset. These outbreaks highlight the need to focus efforts on strategies to decrease and prevent human illness associated with live poultry contact through comprehensive interventions at the mail-order hatchery, agricultural feed store and consumer levels. Additional consumer education and interventions at mail-order hatcheries and venues where live poultry are sold, including agricultural feed stores, are necessary to prevent transmission of Salmonella from poultry to humans. |
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